Blade steel materials for wood processing rotary cutters and planers

The wood materials cut by wood processing machine blades vary greatly, especially the hardness. When encountering inclusions such as knots or sand, the hardness may be higher. Therefore, the blade needs a reasonable combination of high hardness and high strength and toughness. When the rotary cutter cuts, the wood rotates, there are longitudinal and lateral forces, and there is a certain vibration. The toughness requirements are high, but the friction heat of the tip is not high. Therefore, low and medium alloy steels are mainly used. The heat resistance requirements are not very high. Compared with high alloy steel, the organization is very fine, and it is also easy to grind the edge with oilstone during use. When the planer is used, the wood plane moves quickly, mainly subject to longitudinal force, no lateral force, and small lateral vibration. The friction area between the blade and the wood is large, and the friction heat is high. Therefore, high alloy steel is mainly used, with strong heat resistance, and the fracture toughness can be slightly lower than that of the rotary cutter. If the carbide distribution of a high alloy steel is also extremely uniform and refined, it can also be used as a rotary cutter, which will have a longer service life than low and medium alloy steels and adapt to the cutting of soft and hard wood of different types.

The steel materials for rotary cutters and planing blades are all high-carbon alloy steels with multiple alloys such as Cr, W, Mo, and V. The various alloy elements have similar functions in tool steels, but the simultaneous addition of Mo and W has a special meaning for blade steels: on the one hand, it avoids the appearance of WC and Mo2C blocks, easily forms M6C carbides, increases the phase change process and the mutual transformation with M23C6 carbides, and promotes the carbide refinement B-1 during the annealing and quenching process; on the other hand, the addition of Mo changes the composition of various carbides, making the tempering precipitation temperature close or the speed faster, which is beneficial to reduce the amount of residual austenite and increase the tempering hardness.

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